Upgrading the Power Grid Functionalities with Broadband Power Line Communications: Basis, Applications, Current Trends and Challenges

This article reviews the basis and the main aspects of the recent evolution of Broadband Power Line Communications (BB-PLC or, more commonly, BPL) technologies. The article starts describing the organizations and alliances involved in the development and evolution of BPL systems, as well as the standardization institutions working on PLC technologies. Then, a short description of the technical foundation of the recent proposed technologies and a comparison of the main specifications are presented; the regulatory activities related to the limits of emissions and immunity are also addressed. Finally, some representative applications of BPL and some selected use cases enabled by these technologies are summarized, together with the main challenges to be faced.This work was financially supported in part by the Basque Government under the grants IT1426-22, PRE_2021_1_0006, and PRE_2021_1_0051, and by the Spanish Government under the grants PID2021-124706OB-I00 and RTI2018-099162-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”)

Can Parietin Transfer Energy Radiatively to Photosynthetic Pigments?

The main role of lichen anthraquinones is in protection against biotic and abiotic stresses, such as UV radiation. These compounds are frequently deposited as crystals outside the fungal hyphae and most of them emit visible fluorescence when excited by UV. We wondered whether the conversion of UV into visible fluorescence might be photosynthetically used by the photobiont, thereby converting UV into useful energy. To address this question, thalli of Xanthoria parietina were used as a model system. In this species the anthraquinone parietin accumulates in the outer upper cortex, conferring the species its characteristic yellow-orange colouration. In ethanol, parietin absorbed strongly in the blue and UV-B and emitted fluorescence in the range 480-540 nm, which partially matches with the absorption spectra of photosynthetic pigments. In intact thalli, it was determined by confocal microscopy that fluorescence emission spectra shifted 90 nm towards longer wavelengths. Then, to study energy transfer from parietin, we compared the response to UV of untreated and parietin-free thalli (removed with acetone). A chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic assessment provided evidence of UV-induced electron transport, though independently of the presence of parietin. Thus, a role for anthraquinones in energy harvesting is not supported for X. parietina under presented experimental conditions.This research was funded by the Basque Government, grant number [UPV/EHU-GV IT-1018-16], and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the European Research and Development Foundation (FEDER), grant number [CTM2014-53902-C2-2-P]

Riesgo de caídas en personas de la tercera edad según género del área fitness del Club Providencia

Tesis (Profesor de Educación Física, Licenciado en Educación)El propósito de esta investigación, tiene como principal objetivo identificar y comparar el riesgo de caída por géneros de las personas de la tercera edad del Club Providencia. Es por esto que se ha investigado e indagado profundamente en el tema acerca de las características que presentan las personas que están dentro de este rango etáreo, para clasificarlas de acuerdo a su nivel de fragilidad y así poder determinar cuán propenso está un adulto mayor de sufrir una caída y al mismo tiempo prevenir para tomar resguardo de las tareas más peligrosas que debiese evitar. Teniendo estos datos se procederá a realizar un estudio de tipo descriptivo no experimental, en la cual se usará el test “timed up and go” para determinar la fragilidad de cada individuo. Una vez realizado el análisis de los datos, se puede concluir que al comparar por géneros a los adultos mayores del Club Providencia, no existen diferencias significativas en el nivel de fragilidad, lo que refleja que tanto hombres como mujeres están propensos en igualdad de condiciones de sufrir algún tipo de caída

Las claves del enigma: cómo se descifra una escritura

Resúmenes de las conferencias del ciclo "Las claves del enimga. Cómo se descifra una escritura", celebrado en la Facultad de Filología de la Universidad Complutense entre los días 14 y 16 de noviembre de 2005 en el marco de la V Semana de la Ciencia. Se tratan las siguientes escrituras: cuneiforme, lineal B, escrituras de la India antigua, jeroglífico luvita, jeroglífico egipcio, cario, escrituras de Mesoamérica (maya), ibérica y escrituras sudarábigas

Optimización en las actuaciones de mejora de la eficiencia energética en la edificación

Presentando las particularidades de España tanto del sistema eléctrico de potencia como del estado actual de la edificación, se plantea la eficiencia energética, como una solución necesaria e interesante para el usuario. El estudio realizado posteriormente busca la optimización técnico-económica por parte del usuario en la selección de las actuaciones constructivas de mejora, desarrollando una metodología de análisis y decisión, extrapolable a otro tipo de aplicaciones

Control y manejo del riesgo medioambiental en enfermedades zoonóticas y vectoriales en áreas periféricas del partido de La Plata durante el período 2016-2017

Las enfermedades antropozoonóticas y vectoriales, por su naturaleza y características, constituyen problemas sanitarios particulares. Su fuente de origen hace que la población más vulnerable ante ellas comprenda personas que por sus actividades y/o lugar de residencia, tengan contactos más o menos estrechos con dicha fuente. El problema descripto exige abordajes creativos, intersectoriales, interdisciplinarios y con participación activa de la comunidad que permitan comprender, incorporar, e influir en el comportamiento individual y colectivo de la población. Las acciones fundamentales de este programa están dirigidas a la Prevención, lo que a mediano plazo conducirá a disminuir los índices de morbilidad y mortalidad producidos por estas enfermedades.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Open Standards for conservation as a tool for linking research and conservation agendas in complex socio-ecological systems

Disparity between the knowledge produced and knowledge required to address complex environmental challenges, such as biodiversity conservation and climate adaptation, continues to grow. Systems thinking under the Open Standards for Conservation framework can help close this gap by facilitating interdisciplinary engagement, advancing conversations on how environmental systems work, and identifying actions that could be implemented to achieve defined conservation goals. Here, we present a modelling exercise for one of the most endangered forested systems in the world: The Gran Chaco. We focus on unsustainable hunting, a pressing threat to this system. We highlight knowledge gaps that underpin all parts of an adaptive management process from understanding key relationships in social-ecological systems to design and implementation of strategies for Gran Chaco conservation as well as evaluation of outcomes.Fil: Núñez Regueiro, Mauricio Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Branch, Lyn Clarke. University of Florida. Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation; Estados UnidosFil: Derlindati, Enrique Javier. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Cs.naturales. Escuela de Agronomia. Cat.de Agroecologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Marinaro Fuentes, María Sofía. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; ArgentinaFil: Nanni, Ana Sofía. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; ArgentinaFil: Nuñez Godoy, Cristina Cecilia. University of Florida; Estados UnidosFil: Piquer Rodríguez, María. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; ArgentinaFil: Soto, José R.. University of Arizona; Estados UnidosFil: Tálamo, Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentin

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection in Spain: Prevalence and Patient Characteristics

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies (Abs) and active HCV infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (HIV+) patients in Spain in 2015. This was a cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was performed in 41 centers in 2015. Sample size was estimated for an accuracy of 2%, the number of patients from each hospital was determined by proportional allocation, and patients were selected using simple random sampling. Results: The reference population was 35 791 patients, and the sample size was 1867 patients. Hepatitis C virus serostatus was known in 1843 patients (98.7%). Hepatitis C virus-Abs were detected in 695 patients (37.7%), in whom the main route of HIV acquisition was injection drug use (75.4%). Of these 695 patients, 402 had HCV RNA, 170 had had a sustained viral response (SVR) after anti-HCV therapy, and 102 cleared HCV spontaneously. Hepatitis C virus-ribonucleic acid results were unknown in 21 cases. Genotype distribution (known in 367 patients) was 1a in 143 patients (39.0%), 4 in 90 (24.5%) patients, 1b in 69 (18.8%) patients, 3 in 57 (15.5%) patients, 2 in 5 (1.4%) patients, and mixed in 3 (0.8%) patients. Liver cirrhosis was present in 93 patients (23.1%) with active HCV infection and in 39 (22.9%) patients with SVR after anti-HCV therapy. Conclusions: The prevalence of HCV-Abs and active HCV infection in HIV+ patients in Spain is 37.7% and 22.1%, respectively; these figures are significantly lower than those recorded in 2002 and 2009. The predominant genotypes in patients with active HCV infection were 1a and 4. A high percentage of patients had cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is also common in patients with SVR after anti-HCV therapy.This study was supported by grant GLD14-00279 from the GILEAD Fellowship Programme (Spain). J. B. is an investigator from the Programa de Intensificación de la Actividad Investigadora en el Sistema Nacional de Salud (I3SNS) (Ref. no. INT15/00079).S

Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Coronary Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Identification of Associated Factors Using Electronic Health Records and Natural Language Processing

Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk of developing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). This is a multicenter, retrospective, and observational study performed in Spain aimed to characterize these patients in a real-world setting. Unstructured data from the Electronic Health Records were extracted by EHRead (R), a technology based on Natural Language Processing and machine learning. The association between new MACE and the variables of interest were investigated by univariable and multivariable analyses. From a source population of 2,184,662 patients, we identified 4072 adults diagnosed with T2DM and CAD (62.2% male, mean age 70 +/- 11). The main comorbidities observed included arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, with metformin and statins being the treatments most frequently prescribed. MACE development was associated with multivessel (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 2.49) and single coronary vessel disease (HR = 1.71), transient ischemic attack (HR = 2.01), heart failure (HR = 1.32), insulin treatment (HR = 1.40), and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (HR = 2.27), whilst statins (HR = 0.73) were associated with a lower risk of MACE occurrence. In conclusion, we found six risk factors associated with the development of MACE which were related with cardiovascular diseases and T2DM severity, and treatment with statins was identified as a protective factor for new MACE in this study